Brick and block estimates use the module size
The module is the actual unit face plus one vertical and one horizontal joint. Divide the net wall area by that module area to estimate the theoretical number of units. The example dimensions are generic inputs, not a regional standard.
Openings are subtracted once from their wall. Waste is added to the theoretical count before rounding to whole units and then whole packs. Corners, multiple wythes, bond patterns, lintels and special units need separate takeoffs.